CIVICUS speaks with Maverick Peter Seda, cofounder and coordinator of Youth for Change Solomon Islands (YFCSI), about civil society engagement in the country’s 17 April general election.
YFCSI is a civil society organisation (CSO) that works to empower young people to engage in democratic processes and campaigns for informed voting so they can help shape a government that reflects their needs and aspirations.
What was at stake in the recent election?
At stake was the continuity of government that undermined democratic practices and freedoms and developed close ties with China. This relationship has been multifaceted, encompassing economic cooperation, diplomatic exchanges and strategic partnerships. While it has the potential to bring about mutual benefits, it has also raised concerns about sovereignty, influence and alignment with global norms and values.
The same government that tightened ties with China imposed restrictions on peaceful civil society activities. These included limitations on the exercise of freedoms of assembly, association and expression, which are essential to a vibrant democracy. This raised questions about the government’s commitment to upholding democratic principles and respecting human rights.
Moreover, the government undermined democratically elected provincial governments. For example, it sponsored organisations in Malaita province to remove a former premier from office. This interference in local politics eroded trust in the democratic process and fuelled tensions and divisions among the community.
Further, the government skipped consultations on key decisions, such as constitutional amendments to extend parliamentary terms. Similarly, it has made decisions related to the state budget without adequate input or scrutiny, raising concerns about fiscal responsibility and accountability.
How did civil society engage with the election?
Civil society plays crucial roles in shaping the voting process, and the latest election was no exception. Civil society educated people about their rights and the importance of voting and brought transparency to the vote-counting process. Despite their significant contributions, however, CSOs in the Solomon Islands have struggled to gain recognition in policymaking and policy implementation processes.
The government should acknowledge CSOs as essential partners in governance, leveraging their expertise to address societal challenges. It is vital to uphold the transparency of elections and give clear explanations for any postponements. When in 2022 the government decided to postpone the election to 2024 with the argument that it lacked the resources to stage the Pacific Games and a general election in the same year, it fuelled civil unrest. This reflected widespread discontent at what was perceived as betrayal of democratic principles and a lack of consultation.
Restrictions on public assemblies have also left citizens feeling disenfranchised, leading to violence. There is a profound disconnect between the government and the people it serves, highlighting the need for genuine dialogue and inclusive decision-making. Leaders must listen to grievances and engage in meaningful dialogue to rebuild trust.
What’s your takeaway from the results?
Following a week of vote-counting, the results have failed to produce a clear winner. The election was fiercely contested, with both sides making significant efforts to sway public opinion. Incumbent Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare didn’t gain an outright majority, so he will have to negotiate a coalition government.
Clearly a significant number of voters sought change and were reluctant to re-elect Sogavare. Rival political parties and civil society groups mobilised to challenge his candidacy. But he still received strong backing from his established support base, thanks to the advantages of incumbency and access to resources. His close ties with China gave him additional advantages, as did support from influential special interest groups in the southern islands.
CSOs and opposition parties will have to remain vigilant and proactive in their advocacy efforts. Their collective actions will play a pivotal role in shaping the political landscape and ensuring the democratic process remains transparent and accountable.
What are the most urgent issues the new administration should address?
The next administration should focus on addressing youth unemployment, infrastructure development and climate change. Around 70 per cent of our population is under 34, which is a huge demographic advantage, but it is being wasted because many young people are unable to find education and employment opportunities. Young people are also eager to participate in decision-making, including the budgetary and election processes that directly affect their lives.
It is also crucial to invest in infrastructure such as roads and bridges. This both improves market access and enhances healthcare delivery, particularly to rural areas, helping address disparities in service provision. Infrastructure development also plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change impacts.
Urgent support is needed for communities affected by rising sea levels and extreme weather events. This requires dialogue with stakeholders to help relocate people from flood-prone coastal areas to safer locations.
Civic space in the Solomon Islands is rated ‘narrowed’ by the CIVICUS Monitor.
Get in touch with YFCSI through its website or Facebook page, and follow @YouthSolomon on Twitter.